| Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is the prototypical member of the EGF protein family, known for its highly similar structural and functional properties. EGF comprises nine EGF-like domains and nine LDL-receptor class B repeats. The human form of EGF is a 6,045-Da protein, consisting of 53 amino acids and featuring three intramolecular disulfide bonds. Initially purified from the mouse submandibular gland, EGF has since been identified in various human tissues, including the submandibular and parotid glands. It is also present in human platelets, macrophages, urine, saliva, milk, and plasma. EGF functions as a growth factor, promoting the growth of various epidermal and epithelial tissues both in vivo and in vitro, as well as stimulating the proliferation of some fibroblasts in cell culture. Its effects include cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival. |
